| Case of the Week |
HOW TO SUBMIT A CASE-OF-THE-WEEKCASES OF THE WEEK 2017
CASES OF THE WEEK 2016
Cases of the Week 2015Number 15-17: unenhanced cmr for suspected pulmonary embolism during the first trimester of pregnancy. when avoiding ionizating radiation and iodine contrast media really matters.History: A case of PE at early pregnancy evaluated by CMR. When radiation and contrast media really matters. number 15-16: an incidental large ductus diverticulumHistory: An 85 year old male veteran had an incidental discovery of a large aneurysm in the region of a ductus diverticulum on a CT chest 2 years prior. Number 15-15: Contained Cardiac Rupture Presenting With Syncope.History: A 64-year-old male, a diabetic and a smoker, with no relevant cardiovascular history presented with a syncope during sexual intercourse after using sildenafil, with complete recovery after 10 minutes.
Number 15-14: Cardiac Involvement of Cystic Echinococcosis by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
History: A 70-year-old female residing in a remote, rural part of Pakistan presented with several days of chest pain and dyspnea concerning for acute coronary syndrome. Number 15-13: Budd-Chiari: an unexpected imaging journey that ends with congenital CMR.History: A 46 year old woman was referred to our hospital for investigation of vaginal blood loss. Number 15-12: Don’t always judge a heart by its echo.History: A 64 year old male presented one year after cardiac transplant for routine follow up. A 2D transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a mobile, echogenic lesion along the inferior wall of the right atrium. History: A symptomatic 50 year old woman previously diagnosed as congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (L-TGA) was referred to our department. Number 15-10: Etiology of atrioventricular block visualized by cardiac magnetic resonanceHistory: An 8-year old girl presented with clinical signs of low cardiac output after symptoms of fever and emesis during a few days. ECG revealed a complete atrio-ventricular (AV) block with a ventricular rate of 35 bpm and wide QRS complexes (120 ms) with variable axis deviation and bundle branch block morphology.
NUMBER 15-09: are myocardial crypts a genetic phenonmenon related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?History: A teenager who collapsed during athletic activity, has T wave inversion on ECG. NUMBER 15-08: granulomatosis with polyangiitis (churg-strauss syndrome)History: A 23 year-old gentleman presented to the coronary care unit with “dull aching” central chest pain without pleuritic or pericarditic features. Number 15-07: Intrapulmonary Bronchogenic Cyst History: An 84 year-old man presented after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and was successfully resuscitated. History: A 63 year old healthy man was seen in consultation for chest pain and an abnormal electrocardiogram (EKG). Number 15-05: Endomyocardial fibrosis associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. History: An asymptomatic 42 year-old male is submitted for a CMR study after an echo scan showing asymmetric hypertrophy involving the apical segment of the left ventricle. A noticeable highly echogenic signal is described at the endocardial border of the thickened apical region. Number 15-04: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting as ST-segment elevation History: 49-year-old gentleman diagnosed with T3aN0M1 metastatic renal cell carcinoma in September 2010, underwent a right-sided nephrectomy the same month. He presented to our emergency department with complaints of constant chest pain, which waxes and wanes in intensity and sharp in characteristic. Number 15-03: Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus by CMR History: A 70 year-old male had presented approximately 6 months prior to another hospital with fatigue, weakness, chest pain and dyspnea. At that time, left heart catheterization showed non-obstructive coronary artery disease and elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressures with a restrictive filling pattern. History: A 15-year-old boy presented with progressively worsening exertional dyspnea following balloon aortic valvotomy in infancy for congenital aortic stenosis. Number 15-01: Early Recognition of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Phenotype by CMR History: A 16-year-old boy was found to have an abnormal ECG during his appendectomy surgery. His background was remarkable for a small muscular VSD which had undergone spontaneous closure on an echocardiogram performed two years prior.
NUMBER 15-00: Etiology of antrioventricular block visualized by a cardiac magnetic resonanceCases of the Week 2014Number 14-17: Just another routine follow-up Tetralogy of Fallot MRI History: 15 year old boy with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) status post a valve-sparing repair who was referred for a cardiac MRI due to pulmonary valve insufficiency. Number 14-16: Exercise Intolerance with d-Transposition of the Great Arteries History: A 17 year-old male with a history of d-transposition of the great arteries status post arterial switch operation at age 3 days presented with increasing exercise intolerance. Number 14-15: New Onset of Heart Failure in a Young Female History: A 34 year-old female with a 2-month history of shortness of breath and new onset lower extremity edema presented to the emergency department for assessment. Number 14-14: Late Presentation of Hemitruncus - the importance of XMR for clinical decision making History: A three year old child presents with hemitruncus. This case illustrates the importance of an XMR facility for clinical decision-making in pediatric cardiology. Number 14-13: Massive pericardial effusion due to cardiac angiosarcoma History: A 58 year-old man was admitted to hospital with a short history of rapidly progressive breathlessness, haemoptysis, weight loss and fatigue. Number 14-12: The Truth Behind False Aneurysms History: An example of a false (pseudo) aneurysm and a true aneurysm in two different patients. Number 14-11: Cardiac carcinoid metastasis: CMR evaluation History: A 75-year-old Caucasian female, diagnosed with intestinal carcinoid tumor presented with a syncopal episode. History: A 77-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of low-grade fever and dyspnea. Chest X-ray revealed large pleural effusions on the right side. Number 14-09: Right Coronary Artery Encasement: A Sign For Detection Of Cardiac Lymphoma History: A 77-year-old immuno-competent man was referred to our emergency room for onset of dyspnea, orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. History: A 16 year old male previously dilated from congenital post-ductal aortic coarctation (AoCo) through balloon angioplasty at age of 1 year-old, was referred to cardiovascular imaging to rule out any possible complications derived from high-performance and continuous physical activity as a professional soccer player. Number 14-07: Large Left Ventricular Aneurysm Before and After Surgical Intervention History: A 70 year old man with hepatitis B, solitary kidney and remote coronary artery bypass grafting from 17 years prior presented with an inferior myocardial infarction. Number 14-06: Infarct or imposter History: A 62 year-old Caucasian man presented to the Cardiology Clinic for a routine perioperative evaluation prior to juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Number 14-05: Isolated Left Subclavian Artery from the Main Pulmonary Artery History: A 3 year old girl was evaluated in clinic with a history of a previously diagnosed right aortic arch and a patent ductus arteriosus. Number 14-04: Double chambered right ventricle or apical muscular VSD History: A 22 year old female was seen for a routine follow up of her apical muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD). History: An asymptomatic 3 year old was evaluated for a murmur. Physical examination was significant for a widely split second heart sound with an ejection systolic murmur in the left upper sternal border. Number 14-02: Cardiac Aspergilloma Recognized by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging History: Cardiac aspergilloma is a very rare entity. The diagnosis is usually made by direct observation of the fungal mass during surgery, biopsy, or pathology. We report the CMR findings in a patient with cardiac aspergilloma. Number 14-01: Adenosine Stress Perfusion Imaging of a Systemic Right Ventricle post-Senning Repair History: A 44 year old male status-post repair of dextro-transposition of the great arteries presented with atypical chest pain in the context of hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. Cases of the Week 2013Number 13-16: Comprehensive Evaluation of a Quadricuspid Aortic Valve by CMR History: A 33-year-old man was suspected of having a regurgitant quadricuspid aortic valve on the basis of transthoracic echocardiography following the incidental discovery of a diastolic murmur. Number 13-15: Acute MI in Cardiac Amyloidosis- an example of muti-disease capability of CMR History: A 70-year male presented with gradual deterioration, breathlessness, and peripheral oedema as well as bilateral pleural effusions. He had previous CABGx4(LIMA LAD, VG to OM, Diagonal and RCA). Number 13-14: Times they are [a] changin History: A 23 year-old morbidly obese female presented with dyspnea on exertion. Shw was born with Down Syndrome, double outlet right ventricle, complete atrioventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis and underwent surgical correction at age 5. She also has a reported history of myocarditis at age 19 with resultant systolic dysfunction (EF 35-40%). Number 13-13: Quadricuspid pulmonary valve History: Clinical History: A 40 year-old male with no significant past medical history was referred for a chest CT due to the discovery of an enlarged pulmonary artery on routine chest x-ray. History: This case report describes a case of co-incidental coronary disease, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, where cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was crucial in establishing the diagnoses. Number 13-11: Sawtooth Cardiomyopathy History: 19yo asymptomatic male with an abnormal left ventricular finding and ectopy. Number 13-10: Pediatric Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Presenting as a Cardiac Mass History: A six year old girl was referred to pediatric cardiology for evaluation of a heart murmur. Number 13-09: Mitro-aortic valvular fibrosa aneurysm History: A fifteen years old girl with known bicuspid aortic valve was admitted with ineffective endocarditis due to Strept. Agalactiae and treated with antibiotic therapy. History: A 53 year-old man with no significant past medical history presented to our hospital reporting severe substernal chest pressure with associated diaphoresis that woke him up from sleep. A standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (figure 1) showed marked ST-segment elevation in leads V1, V2, and V3 and in the inferior leads II, III, and aVF, with ST depression in leads I, L, with T wave inversion in V5 and V6. Number 13-07: An important tool before a tetralogy of Fallot reoperation History: Progressive aortic root dilatation after repair of tetralogy of Fallot is a rare but recognized complication.The cardiovascular magnetic resonance in this case report represented a key tool for the surgical approach before a tetralogy of Fallot reoperation. History: An asymptomatic fifteen-year-old boy with dextrocardia and complete transposition of the great arteries (CTGA) who had arterial switch operation and closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) during infancy. History: A previously healthy 18-year-old woman presented to an outside medical facility with fever and left scapular pain and was found to have an elevated D-dimer. Number 13-04: Pericardial Agenesis History: A 52 year old asymptomatic male affected by hypertension and without other remarkable past medical history presented to the outpatients clinic for check-up. Number 13-03: Complicated isolated RV infarction – a diagnostic dilemma History: 74 year old gentleman was discharged after an uneventful recovery following four vessel coronary artery bypass grafting, which was done for worsening angina pectoris and triple vessel disease. Number 13-02: Pericystic fibrosis of a cardiac hydatid cyst History: A 60-year-old man, originally from Sardinia, with diabetes and hypertension presented with sporadic, nonspecific precordial discomfort of short duration. Number 13-01: Calcified aneurysm of Left ventricular apex in Apical Cardiomyopathy History: A 65 year old, non-diabetic, normotensive and obese female complained of exertional angina of four years’ duration. She had a transient ischemic attack 15 days ago. Physical examination was unremarkable. Cases of the Week 2012Number 12-12: ‘Looking outside the box’ History: 59 yo female two months post abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a high grade endometrial leimyosarcoma. Number 12-11: Post Pericardiectomy for Constriction – Late Complication History: A 61 year old gentleman presented with worsening breathlessness for 2 years. He had a past history of COPD and idiopathic pericardial constriction which had been treated many years earlier by pericardial stripping through a median sternotomy. Number 12-10: Complex Congenitally Corrected TGA History: We present a case of a 27 year old Native American male with a past medical history of complex congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (CCTGA) with associated double outlet right ventricle (DORV), dextrocardia, subpulmonary stenosis, subpulmonary VSD and PDA. Number 12-09: A Pseudo-“Alfieri” Aortic Valve Masquerading as Severe Aortic Stenosis History: 69 year-old male with history of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, COPD, and metastatic lung cancer status post resection on radiation therapy was referred to a cardiothoracic surgeon for consideration of aortic valve replacement (AVR) after a routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at an outside facility revealed evidence of severe aortic stenosis (AS) with a peak gradient of 105 mmHg and aortic valve area (AVA) of 0.78 cm2. Number 12-08: A severe ductal aneurysm in a neonate History: A four week old male infant was noted to be dysmorphic including hypertelorism, bilateral inguinal herniae, umbilical hernia and bilateral club feet. A right axillary mass was noted on examination; ultrasound revealed the mass to be a dilated and tortuous vessel but could not conclude definitively whether it was venous or arterial. Number 12-07: The Study of Last Resort. History: History: A 46-year-old man with history of Hodgkin’s lymphoma treated with radiation 20 years ago. Four years previously he had undergone pleurodesis for recurrent pleural effusions. He recently developed worsening dyspnea, lower extremity edema, and ascites. At another facility, he was treated initially for interstitial lung disease with bronchodilators without improvement of his symptoms. He was referred to our center for further evaluation. Number 12-06: Long segment severe coarctation of the aorta in a 9 year old child History: The patient is a previously healthy 9 year old child who presented to her primary care doctor with complaints of her feet turning white. Number 12-05: Angiosarcoma presenting as a large right atrial mass History: Patient presenting with constitutional symptoms and right atrial mass. Several differential diagnosis and CMR helped to point the correct diagnosis and plan treatment Number 12-04: Heterotaxy and Tetralogy of Fallot History: 27 year-old male with the history of heterotaxy syndrome, Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia, and right aortic arch. Number 12-03: Branch pulmonary artery flow curves in repaired Tetralogy of Fallot History: A 51 year old man was referred for a CMR study. He had repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in childhood. Number 12-02: Echo and CMR in Acromegalic Cardiomyopathy History: A 49 year-old male presented with a 10-day history of worsening shortness of breath, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and orthopnea Number 12-01: Ruptured Left Ventricular Aneurysm History: 68 year old female, smoker, with a history of hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In 2007 she suffered from a myocardial infarction with incomplete revascularization. Cases of the Week 2011Number 11-24: Myocardial fatty focus in a patient with tuberous sclerosis History: a 18 year old male with tuberous sclerosis presents for cardiac MR after an abnormal echogenic foci was identified on echocardiogram. Number 11-23: Left Atrial Sarcoma History: 53yo male with dyspnea and left atrial prolapsing sarcoma. Number 11-22: Ebstein Anomaly in an Asymptomatic Air Force Professional History: A 28 year old woman with history of Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome status-post ablation of a right posterolateral bypass tract in four years earlier who was referred to us for evaluation of an abnormal transthoracic echocardiogram. Number 11-21: Utility of Cardiac MRI in Carcinoid Heart Disease History: A 65 year old patient presented with symptoms of worsening right heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography showed right heart dilatation and severe tricuspid regurgitation with grossly abnormal, thickened and retracted tricuspid valve leaflets. Number 11-20: Not Just Another Apical HCM History: 63 year old male patient initially presented to the outpatient clinic with fatigue and progressive shortness of breath. Number 11-19: Giant Left Ventricular Aneurysm History: 69-year-old male with a history of previous myocardial infarction developed increasing exertional dyspnoea and angina four years after initial presentation. CMR demonstrated a left ventricular aneurysm with thrombus. Number 11-18: CMR advancing towards the new reference standard in cardiac sarcoidosis History: A 43-year old man with no remarkable past medical history presented with progressive dyspnea and peripheral edema. ECG showed frequent polymorphic ventricular ectopic beats Echocardiogram showed LV systolic dysfunction. Number 11-17: Myocardial Contusion History: Myocardial contusion is a ubiquitous cause of hospitalization. The most common etiologies are auto-pedestrian accident, CPR, fall from heights>20’, and motor vehicle accidents.The majority of patients will have a troponin leak and may have EKG changes. Since the right ventricle is the most anterior portion of the heart it is commonly traumatized. History: An 42 y/o asymptomatic male underwent CMR for screening. History: We describe two cases with known and previously documented mitral valve (MV)prolapse on transthoracic echocardiography. Number 11-14: Anterior Mitral Valve Cleft in the Presence of a Primum ASD History: Anterior Mitral Valve Cleft in the Presence of a Primum ASD. Number 11-13: Fibro-fatty replacement and other abnormalities in suspected ARVC. History: A 38 year-old man without symptoms. His father was diagnosed with right ventricular arrythmogenic cardiomyopathy after heart transplant for ventricular arrhythmias and dilated cardiomyopathy. History: 72 yo female with susceptibility artifact from oral iron ingestion. Number 11-11: Chest pain in a young patient History: An 18-year-old African American male was admitted to our Emergency Department after developing sudden and severe chest pain.
|